Chronologies, Editions, Manuscripts, Websites, etc.
Chronology of the Victorian Period
1819 Victoria, the future Queen of England, born.
1830 Lyell, Principles of Geology. Bulwer Lytton's Paul Clifford.
1831 Disraeli's The Young Duke.
1832 The Reform Bill. Bulwer Lytton's Eugene Aram.
1833 The Oxford Movement. Carlyle's Sartor Resartus. Newman's Tract of the Times.
1834 Ainsworth's Rookwood.
1835 Browning' Paracelsus.
1836 Dickens's Pickwick Papers.
1837 Accession of Queen Victoria. Carlyle's The French Revolution.
1838 The Chartist Movement. Anti-Corn Law League founded.
1839 Thackeray's Catherine. Martineau's Deerbrook.
1840 Shelley's A Defence of Poetry. Queen Victoria marries Prince Albert.
1841 Macaulay's Warren Hastings.
1842 Dickens's American Notes.
1843 Carlyle's Past and Present. Mill's System of Logic.
1844 Chambers' Vestiges of Creation.
1845 Disraeli's Sybil. Engels' The Condition of the Working Class in England. Famine in Ireland.
1846 Repeal of the Corn Laws. George Eliot's Translation of Strauss's Das Leben Jesu.
1847 Thackeray's Vanity Fair. Tennyson's Princess. Marx and Engels' The Communist Manifesto.
1848 Gaskell's Mary Barton. The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood founded.
1849 Dickens's David Copperfield. Ruskin's Seven Lamps of Architecture.
1850 Kingsley's Alton Locke. Tennyson, In Memoriam. Tennyson becomes Poet Laureate.
1851 Gaskell's Cranford. Great Exhibition.
1852 Dickens's Bleak House. Newman's The Idea of a University.
1853 Charlotte Bronte's Villette.
1854 Gaskell's North and South. The Crimean War.
1855 Livingstone discovers Victoria Falls.
1856 Charles Reade's It is Never Too Late to Mend.
1857 The Indian Mutiny. George Eliot's Scenes of Clerical Life.
1858 MacDonald's Fantastes. Queen Victoria proclaims permanent British rule in India.
1859 Meredith's The Ordeal of Richard Feverel. Darwin's Origin of Species.
1860 Dickens's Great Expectations. Essays and Reviews. Ruskin's Unto the Last.
1861 Ellen Wood's East Lynne. Mill's Utilitarianism. Prince Albert dies.
1862 Braddon's Lady Audley's Secret. Colenso's A Critical Examination of the Pentateuch.
1863 Margaret Oliphant's The Rector. Huxley's Man's Place in Nature.
1864 Le Fanu's Uncle Silas. Spencer's Principles of Biology.
1865 Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. Arnold's Essays in Criticism.
1866 Trollope's The Last Chronicle of Barset. Margaret Oliphant's Miss Marjoribanks.
1867 Marx's Das Kapital. Ouida's Under Two Flags. The Second Reform Bill.
1868 Wilkie Collins' The Moonstone. Browning's The Ring and the Book.
1869 Blackmore's Lorna Doone. Arnold's Culture and Anarchy. Suez Canal opened. Girton College, Cambridge, admits women.
1870 Dickens dies. Hardy's Desperate Remedies. Forster's Education Act.
1871 Darwin's Descent of Man. George Eliot's Middlemarch. Trade Unions legalized.
1872 Butler's Erewhon. Forster's Life of Dickens.
1873 Pater's Studies in the Renaissance. Wilkie Collins's The New Magdalen.
1874 Hardy's Far From the Madding Crowd. Disraeli becomes Prime Minister.
1875 Trollope's The Prime Minister. Hopkins's The Wreck of the Deutschland.
1876 George Eliot's Daniel Deronda. Telephone invented.
1877 Queen Victoria proclaimed Empress of India.
1878 Hardy's Return of the Native.
1879 Meredith's The Egoist. Electric bulb invented.
1880 Huxley's Science and Culture. Gissing's Workers in the Dawn. Henry James's The Portrait of a Lady.
1881 Stevenson's Treasure Island.
1882 Arnold's Literature and Science.
1883 Trollope's Autobiography.
1884 The Third Reform Bill. Humphry Ward's Miss Bretherton.
1885 Richard Burton's Arabian Nights.
1886 Haggard's King Solomon's Mines.
1887 Mark Rutherford's The Revolution in Tanner's Lane.
1888 Kipling's Plain Tales from the Hills. Arnold's Essays in Criticism.
1889 Gissing's The Nether World.
1891 Morris's News From Nowhere. Hardy's Tess of the D’Urbervilles.
1892 Conan Doyle's The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes.
1893 Shaw's Mrs Warren’s Profession.
1894 The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes.
1895 Wilde's The Importance of Being Earnest. Hardy's Jude the Obscure.
1896 Carroll's Symbolic Logic. William Morris dies.
1897 Conrad's The Nigger of the 'Narcissus.'
1898 Shaw's Arms and the Man.
1899 The Boer War.
1900 Humphry Ward's Eleanor.
1901 Kipling's Kim. Queen Victoria dies. Edwardian period begins.
1902 Conrad's Heart of Darkness.
1907 John Millington Synge's Playboy of the Western World.
1912 Arnold Bennett's The Matador of the Five Towns.
1913 D.H. Lawrence's Sons and Lovers. Chesterton's The Victorian Age in Literature.
1914 First World War.Essential Readings:
Altick, Richard D. Victorian People and Ideas: A Comparison For the Modern Reader of Victorian Literature. New York: Norton. xii+338p bibl illus. 1973.
Brantlinger, Patrick, & Thesing, William B, ed . A Companion to the Victorian Novel. Oxford: Blackwell. xii+513p bibl index. 2002.
Houghton, Walter Edwards . The Victorian Frame of Mind, 1830-1870. New Haven: Yale UP for Wellesley College; London: Oxford UP. xvii+467p. 1957.Essential Resources:
Professor Patrick Leary's Victoria Research WebProfessor Sally Mitchell's Doing Research in Victorian Fiction:
Historical, Critical and Reference Sources
Chronology
Click on the underlined novel for E-text from Project Gutenberg
1805 February 4, William Harrison Ainsworth born in Manchester, England.
1817 To Manchester Free Grammar School.
1821 The Rivals: A Serio-Comic Tragedy, published.
1826 October 11, marries Anne Frances Ebers.
1834 Rookwood: A Romance published.
1835 Separated from wife.
1836 Meets Charles Dickens.
1837 Crichton published.
1838 Match 6, wife dies.
1839 Jack Sheppard published. Becomes editor of Bentley's Miscellany.
1840 The Tower of London published.
1841 Guy Fawkes and Old Saint Paul's published. December, resigns from Bentley's Miscellany.
1842 Begins Ainsworth's Magazine, February. The Miser's Daughter published.
1843 Windsor Castle: An Historical Romance published.
1845 Purchases The New Monthly Magazine.
1848 James the Second published.
1849 The Lancashire Witches published.
1854 The Star-Chamber and The Flitch of Bacon published. Purchases Bentley's Miscellany.
1857 The Spendthrift published.
1858 Mervyn Clitheroe published.
1859 The Combat of the Thirty published.
1860 Ovingdean Grange: A Tale of the South Downs published.
1861 The Constable of the Tower published.
1862 The Lord Mayor of London published.
1863 Cardinal Pole published.
1864 John Law published.
1865 The Spanish Match and Auriol published.
1866 The Constable de Bourbon published.
1867 Old Court published.
1868 Myddleton Pomfret published.
1870 Hilary St. Ives published.
1871 Tower Hill: An Historical Romance,The South-Sea Bubble, and Talbot Harland: A Tale of the Days of Charles the Second published.
1872 Boscobel published.
1873 The Good Old Times published.
1874 Merry England published.
1875 The Goldsmiths Wife and Preston Fight published.
1876 The Leaguer of Lathom and Chetwynd Calverley published.
1877 The Full of Somerset published.
1878 Beatrice Tyldesley published.
1879 Beau Nash published.
1881 Stanley Brereton published. Honored at a banquet in the Manchester Town Hall, September 15.
1882 January 3, dies.Essential Readings:
Buckley, Matthew. "Sensations of Celebrity: 'Jack Sheppard' and the Mass Audience." Victorian Studies. (44/3/Spr) 423-463. 2002.
Ligocki, Llewellyn. "Ainsworth's Tudor Novels: History as Theme." Studies in the Novel. (4) 364-377. 1972.
Sanders, Andrew. The Victorian Historical Novel, 1840-1880. London: Macmillan/ New York: St Martin's P. xi+264p index. 1978.Recommended edition:
Ainsworth, William Harrison. John, Juliet, intro.
Cult Criminals: Newgate Novels, 1830-1847. 6 Vols. London: Routledge 2000. Facsimile of original editions of novels.Ainsworth, William Harrison. Jack Sheppard (1839). Edward Jacobs, Edwards & Mourao, Manuela. Broadview Editions. Peterborough, ON: Broadview Press. 480p. 2007.
Recommended biography:
Carver, Stephen James. The Life and Works of the Lancashire Novelist: William Harrison Ainsworth, 1805-1882. Lewiston, NY: E. Mellen. 468p bibl index. 2003.
Manuscripts
Berg Coll MSS Guide to the William Harrison Ainsworth collection of papers,1836-1889 The New York Public Library, New York
The manuscripts of poems and portions and drafts of novels, pictorial works including drawings by George Cruikshank for Ainsworth's novels, letters, dating from 1836 to 1889, to Richard Harris Barham, George Cruikshank, his cousin Dr. James Bower Harrison, William Charles Mark Kent, and others, letters relating to the author, dating from 1839 to 1841, between Richard Harris Barham and Richard Bentley.
**** For a complete listing of recommended and annotated Essential Readings, Editions, Biographies, Letters, and Manuscripts, search the database (keywords search) using the keywords <Ainsworth, William Harrison / List>. To make your search more specific, you may use keywords such as <Ainsworth, William Harrison - Manuscripts / List or Ainsworth, William Harrison - Biographies / List> ****
Harrison Ainsworth on the Web
Professor Mitsuharu Matsuoka's
William Harrison Ainsworth
Nagoya University, Japan
Professor Jack Voller's
The Literary Gothic: Ainsworth, William Harrison
Southern Illinois UniversityHarrison Ainsworth Page
Victorian Web
National University of Singapore
Chronology
Click on the underlined novel for E-text from Project Gutenberg
1825 April 24, Robert Michael Ballantyne born at Edinburgh, Scotland.
1841 Clerk at Hudson Bay Company, Canada
1846 At Seven Islands, on the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada
1848 Returns to Edinburgh.
1848 The Hudson Bay Company published.
1854 Meets William Nelson
1856 The Young Fur Traders; or Snowflakes and Sunbeams published.
1857 The Coral Island published.
1858 Ungava published.
1858 Martin Rattler; Adventures of a Boy in the Forests of Brazil published.
1860 The Dog Crusoe and His Master; a Story of the Western Prairies published.
1860 The World of Ice published.
1861 The Gorilla Hunters published.
1861 The Golden Dream; A Tale of the Diggings published.
1863 The Wild Man of the West; a Tale of the Rocky Mountains published.
1863 Man on the Ocean published.
1865 The Lighthouse; the Bell Rock published.
1868 Deep Down; a Tale of the Cornish Mines published.
1868 Shifting Winds; A Tough Yarn published.
1869 Hunting the Lions; the Land of the Negro published.
1869 Erling the Bold; A Tale of the Norse Sea Kings published.
1872 The Norsemen in the West; or America Before Columbus published.
1872 The Pioneers; a Tale of the Western Wilderness published.
1873 Black Ivory; Adventure Among the Slavers of E.Africa published.
1874 The Pirate City; An Algerine Tale published.
1877 The Settler and the Savage; Peace & War in S.Africa published.
1879 Six Months at the Cape; Letters to Periwinkle from South Africa published.
1882 The Giant of the North; or, Pokings Round the Pole published.
1883 The Madman and the Pirate published.
1886 The Prairie Chief published.
1891 The Buffalo Runners; a Tale of the Red River Plains published.
1893 An Author’s Adventures; or, Personal Reminiscences published.
1894 February 8, dies in Rome.
1895 Wrecked but not Ruined published.Essential Reading:
Brantlinger, Patrick. Rule of Darkness: British Literature and Imperialism, 1830-1914. Ithaca, NY, & London: Cornell UP. xii+309p. 1988.
Recommended biography:
Quayle, Eric . Ballantyne the Brave: A Victorian Writer and His Family. London: Hart-Davis. 316p. 1967.
Manuscripts:
Manuscripts of letters, faded photographs, notebooks, manuscripts of books and drawings are held by Ballantyne's daughter, Miss Isobel Ballantyne, in a family archive in Kent, England.
**** For a complete listing of recommended and annotated Essential Readings, Editions, Biographies, Letters, and Manuscripts, search the database (keywords search) using the keywords <Ballantyne, Robert Michael / List>. To make your search more specific, you may use keywords such as <Ballantyne, Robert Michael - Manuscripts / List or Ballantyne, Robert Michael - Biographies / List> ****
Robert Michael Ballantyne on the Web
Robert Michael Ballantyne on Artnet
at Artnet - The art world onlineRobert Michael Ballantyne Page on Kirjatso
Robert Michael Ballantyne Page on Fantastic Fiction
Chronology
Click on the underlined novel for E-text from Project Gutenberg
1872 May 24, Max Beerbohm born in London, England.
1881 Attends Orme Square School in London.
1885 Attends Charter House school in Surrey.
1890 To Merton College, Oxford.
1893 Infatuation with Cissy Loftus, daughter of an actrees. Becomes friend of Oscar Wilde.
1894 The Happy Hypocrite published.
1896 Works of Beerbohm and Caricatures of Twenty-Five Gentlemen published.
1898 Succeeds George Bernard Shaw as drama critic for the Saturday Review.
1899 More, a collection of essays. published. Settles in Rappalo, Italy.
1904 The Poets Corner published.
1910 Marries Florence Kahn, an American actress.
1911 Zuleika Dobson published.
1912 A Christmas Garland published.
1919 Seven Men published.
1920 And Even Now published.
1922 Rossetti and His Circle published.
1928 The Dreadful Dragon of Hay Hill published.
1931 Heroes and Heroines of Bitter Sweet published.
1939 Receives knighthood.
1951 January 13, Florence dies.
1954 Lytton Strachey published.
1956 Marries Elisabeth Zungmann. May 20, dies in Rapallo, Italy.Essential Readings:
Ellmann, Richard. Oscar Wilde. London: Hamish Hamilton/ New York: Alfred A. Knopf. xiv+632p. 1987.
Riewald, J.G., ed. The Surprise of Excellence: Modern Essays on Max Beerbohm. Hamden, CT: Shoe String P. 265p. 1974.
Recommended editions:
Beerbohm, Max. The Works of Max Beerbohm. London: William Heinemann; New York: Knopf. 10 vols. 1922-1928. 1957.
Recommended biographies:
Behrman, S.N. Portrait of Max: An Intimate Memoir of Sir Max Beerbohm. New York: Random House, 1960. 317p.
Cecil, David. Max: A Biography. London: Constable. 507p. 1964.
Hall, N. John. Max Beerbohm: A Kind of a Life. New Haven, CT: Yale UP. xiv+284p index. 2002.
Recommended editions of letters:
Beerbohm, Max. Hart-Davis, Sir Rupert, ed. Max Beerbohm's Letters to Reggie Turner. London: Hart-Davis; Philadelphia: Lippincott. 312p illus. 1964.
Beerbohm, Max. Hart-Davis, Rupert, ed. Letters of Max Beerbohm, 1892-1956. London: John Murray/ New York: W.W. Norton. 244p index illus. 1988.
Manuscripts
Manuscripts of unpublished letters, works, and drawings of Max Beerbohm are held at the British Library; Harvard University; the Berg Collection at the New York Public Library; the Ashmolean Museum and the Merton College Library, University of Oxford; the O'Connell and Taylor Collections, Princeton University Library; and the Tate Gallery, London.
**** For a complete listing of recommended and annotated Essential Readings, Editions, Biographies, Letters, and Manuscripts, search the database (keywords search) using the keywords <Beerbohm, Max / List>. To make your search more specific, you may use keywords such as <Beerbohm, Max - Manuscripts / List or Beerbohm, Max - Biographies / List> ****
Max Beerbohm on the Web
John Malyon's
Beerbohm Arts
ArtcyclopediaHarry Ransom Humanities Research Center's
Beerbohm's Art Collection Item list
Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center University of Texas at AustinMax Beerbohm Page
Victorian Web
National University of Singapore
Chronology
Click on the underlined novel for E-text from Project Gutenberg
1867 May 27, Arnold Bennett born at Hanley, Staffordshire, England.
1876 Father, Arnold Bennett, becomes a solicitor.
1883 Leaves school to be trained as a solicitor in father's law office.
1885 Passes matriculation examination.
1891 Tit Bits published.
1894 Becomes Assistant Editor of Woman.
1896 Becomes Editor of Woman.
1898 The Man From the North published.
1902 The Grand Babylon Hotel and Anna of the Five Towns published.
1903 The Gates of Wrath published. Moves to Paris.
1904 A Great Man published.
1905 Sacred and Profane Love and Tales of the Five Towns published.
1906 Whom God Hath Joined and Hugo published.
1907 Marries Marguerite Soulie. The Grim Smile of the Five Towns published.
1908 Buried Alive and The Old Wives' Tale published.
1910 Clayhanger and Helen With a High Hand published.
1911 The Card and Hilda Lessways published.
1912 The Matador of the Five Towns published.
1913 The Regent published.
1914 The First World War. Appointed military representative, Thorpe Division Emergency Committee. Mother dies.
1915 Tours the battlefields of the Western Front. Writes War Scenes on the Western Front. Becomes director of New Statesman.
1916 The Lion's Share and These Twain published.
1918 Becomes Director of Propaganda, Ministry of Information. The Pretty Lady and The Roll-Call published.
1921 Separation from wife. Things That Have Interested Me published.
1922 Mr Prohack published.
1923 Riceyman Steps published.
1926 Lord Raingo published.
1928 The Strange Vanguard published.
1930 Imperial Palace published.
1931 Venus Rising from the Sea published. March 31, dies.Essential Readings:
Squillace, Robert. Modernism, Modernity, and Arnold Bennett. Lewisburg: Bucknell University Press. 223p. 1997.
Hepburn, James Gordon The Art of Arnold Bennett. Bloomington, IN: Indiana UP. 247p bibl. 1963.
Recommended editions:
Penguin editions of the novels.
Recommended biographies:
Drabble, Margaret. Arnold Bennett: A Biography. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. xii+397p bibl index illus. 1974.
Pound, Reginald. Arnold Bennett: A Biography. New York: Harcourt. 385p. 1952.
Recommended editions of letters:
Bennett, Arnold. Letters to His Nephew. London: William Heinemann, 1936.
Bennett, Arnold. Hepburn, James Gordon, ed. Letters of Arnold Bennett. London & New York: Oxford UP. 4 vols Vol. I: Letters to J.B. Pinker. Vol. II: 1889-1915. Vol. III: 1916-1931. Vol. IV: Family Letters. index illus. 1966.
Manuscripts
A collection of Arnold Bennett documents are held at Hanley Museum in Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire. Other papers are at London University; British Library; Manuscript Collections,
University of Texas at Austin.La Fayette Butler Collection of Arnold Bennett Publishing Correspondence and Manuscripts, 1903-1931; Rare Books and Manuscripts, Special Collections Library, University Libraries, Pennsylvania State University.
**** For a complete listing of recommended and annotated Essential Readings, Editions, Biographies, Letters, and Manuscripts, search the database (keywords search) using the keywords <Bennett, Arnold / List>. To make your search more specific, you may use keywords such as <Bennett, Arnold - Manuscripts / List or Bennett, Arnold - Biographies / List> ****
Arnold Bennett on the Web
Arnold Bennett Page
at Case Western Reserve UniversityQilei Hang's
The Literary debate between Virginia Woolf and Arnold Bennett
Chronology
Click on the underlined novel for E-text from Project Gutenberg
1835 October 4 Mary Elizabeth Braddon born.
1839 Parents separated. Lives with mother.
1845 To a boarding school but shortly withdrawn due to poverty.
1857 Performs in Yorkshire theatres under stage name "Mary Seaton." Brother leaves for India on the eve of the Sepoy Mutiny to join the British forces.
1859 The Octoroon; or, The Lily of Louisiana the first novel published.
1860 Play, The Loves of Arcadia performed. Three Times Dead; or, The Secret of the Heath published. Meets John Maxwell, her publisher.
1861 Lady Audley's Secret serialized in a periodical, Robin Goodfellow. Serialization discontinued when Robin Goodfellow fails. Serialization completed in Sixpenny Magazine. Lives together with Maxwell.
1862 October Lady Audley's Secret published in three volumes. Aurora Floyd serialized in Temple Bar.
1863 Aurora Floyd published in three volumes.
1864 The Doctor's Wife published.
1866 Edits monthly magazine Belgravia. The Lady's Mile published. Purchases Lichfield House, Richmond.
1868 November 1, mother dies. A week later sister Maggie dies in Italy. Suffers nervous breakdown leading to puerperal fever.
1871 Recovers and publishes Fenton's Quest and The Lovels of Arden.
1873 Strangers and Pilgrims and Lucius Davoren published.
1874 October 2 marries John Maxwell's after his insane wife's death in September.
1876 Joshua Haggard's Daughter and Dead Men's Shoes published. Resigns editorship of Belgravia.
1878 Begins Christmas annual, The Mistletoe Bough.
1884 Ishmael published.
1888 The Fatal Three published.
1895 Maxwell dies.
1915 February 4 Braddon dies of cerebral hemorrhage at 79.
1916 Last novel, Mary published.Essential Readings:
Boardman, Kay, ed , Jones, Shirley, ed. Popular Victorian Women Writers. Manchester: Manchester UP. 245p bibl index. 2004.
Schroeder, Natalie & Schroeder, Ronald A. From Sensation to Society: Representations of Marriage in the Fiction of Mary Elizabeth Braddon, 1862-1866. Newark: University of Delaware Press and Associated University Presses. 290p. 2006.
Tromp, Marlene Anne, ed , Gilbert, Pamela K., ed & Haynie, Aeron, ed. Beyond Sensation: Mary Elizabeth Braddon in Context. Albany: State U of New York P. v+302p. 2000.
Recommended editions:
Editions from Oxford University Press, Sensation Press, and Hastings.
Braddon, Mary Elizabeth. Aurora Floyd. Nemesvari, Richard, Surridge, Lisa, ed. Peterborough, ON: Broadview P. 632p. 1998.
Recommended biography:
Carnell, Jennifer. The Literary Lives of Mary Elizabeth Braddon: A Study of Her Life and Work. Sensation P. 450p illus. 2000.
Recommended edition of letters:
Wolff, Robert Lee. Devoted Disciple: The Letters of Mary Elizabeth Braddon to Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton, 1862-1873. Harvard Library Bulletin. (22) 5-35, 129-61. 1974.
Manuscripts
MSS of most novels, with notes and corrected proofs, unpublished diaries from 1890 to 1914, and letters, in the the Robert Lee Wolff Collection at the Harry Ransom Center, University of Texas at Austin.
MSS of most novels and some letters in the Houghton Library at Harvard. MSS of some novels and earliest surviving diaries, from 1880 to 1888, and notebooks, at Maxwell collection held by Henry Maxwell, Braddon's grandson.**** For a complete listing of recommended and annotated Essential Readings, Editions, Biographies, Letters, and Manuscripts, search the database (keywords search) using the keywords <Braddon, Mary Elizabeth / List>. To make your search more specific, you may use keywords such as <Braddon, Mary Elizabeth - Manuscripts / List or Braddon, Mary Elizabeth - Biographies / List> ****
Mary Elizabeth Braddon on the Web
Chris Willis'
The Mary Elizabeth Braddon websiteJennifer Carnell's
Mary Elizabeth PagesJack G. Voller's
Mary Elizabeth Page
Literary GothicPhilip V. Allingham's
Mary Elizabeth Braddon (1835-1915), the "Queen of Sensation" — Life and Works
Victorian Web
National University of Singapore
Chronology
Click on the underlined novel for E-text from Project Gutenberg
1820 January 17, Anne Bronte born.
1820 April 20, Patrick, father, becomes Reverend of Haworth.
1821 September 15, Maria Bronte, mother, dies of tuberculosis.
1825 May 6, Maria, sister, dies of tuberculosis.
1825 June 15, Elizabeth, another sister, dies of tuberculosis.
1839 Employed as governess to Ingham family.
1840 May, becomes governess to Robinson family.
1842 November, Poem "To Cowper."
1843 October Poem "The Captive Dove."
1845 May, Poem "If this be all."
1846 May, Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell published.
1847 October 19, Charlotte's Jane Eyre published.
1847 December, Agnes Grey and Emily's Wuthering Heights published.
1848 June, The Tenant of Wildfell Hall published.
1848 September 24, Branwell, brother, dies of tuberculosis.
1848 December 19, Emily dies of tuberculosis.
1849 May 28, Anne dies of tuberculosis.
1855 March 31, Charlotte dies of tuberculosis.
1861 June 7, Rev. Patrick Bronte, father, dies.Essential Readings:
Frawley, Maria H. Anne Bronte. Boston: Twayne/Prentice Hall. 171p bibl index. 1996.
Langland, Elizabeth. Anne Bronte: The Other One. Hampshire: Macmillan. 172p. 1989.
Recommended editions:
The Clarendon editions, the Norton Critical editions, and the Penguin
editions.Bronte, Anne. The Tenant of Wildfell Hall. Rosengarten, Herbert, ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press. xxxiii+486p. 1993.
For other editions, search the database using keywords <Bronte, Anne - Editions>.
See also Victorian Fiction: A Guide to Research, 219-222 and Victorian Fiction: A Second Guide to Research, 174-178.Recommended biographies:
Chitham, Edward. A Life of Anne Bronte. Oxford & Cambridge, MA: Blackwell. vii+216p illus. 1991.
Gerin, Winifred. Anne Bronte: A Biography. Totowa, NJ: Rowman & Littlefield/ London: Allen Lane. 2d ed, xv+372p bibl illus. Prev ed pubd 1959. 1975.
Recommended editions of letters:
Barker, Juliet. The Brontes: A Life in Letters. New York: Viking Bks. 415p. 1997
Spark, Muriel, ed. The Bronte Letters. London: Nevill; Norman: U of Oklahoma P. 208p. 1954.
Manuscripts
The Bronte manuscripts are held at the Bronte Museum, Haworth; See, in particular, The Bronte Manuscripts: Literary Manuscripts and Correspondence of the Bronte Family from the Bronte Society Collection at Haworth Parsonage and the British Library (1992); other locations are the Brotherton Library, Leeds University; and the British Library.
**** For a complete listing of recommended and annotated Essential Readings, Editions, Biographies, Letters, and Manuscripts, search the database (keywords search) using the keywords <Bronte, Anne / List>. To make your search more specific, you may use keywords such as <Bronte, Anne / List or Bronte, Anne - Biographies / List> ****
Anne Brontë on the Web
Michael Armitage's
Anne Bronte Page - The Scarborough ConnectionProfessor Mitsuharu Matsuoka's
The Bronte Sisters Web
Nagoya University, JapanCecelia Falk's
The Bronte Sisters SiteAnne Bronte Page
Victorian Web
National University of SingaporeEagle Intermedia's
Bronte CountryThe Bronte Parsonage Museum and Bronte Society
The Bronte Beach Heritage Society
Chronology
Click on the underlined novel for E-text from Project Gutenberg
1816 April 21 Charlotte born.
1820 January 17 Anne Bronte born. April 20 Patrick, father, becomes Reverend of Haworth.
1821 September 15 Maria Bronte, mother, dies of tuberculosis.
1825 May 6 Maria, sister, dies of tuberculosis. June 15 Elizabeth, another sister, dies of tuberculosis.
1831 January, Charlotte enrolls at Miss Wooler's School, Roe Head.
1835 July, Charlotte becomes teacher at Roe Head School.
1837 September, Emily becomes teacher at Law Hill School.
1839 Anne employed as governess to Ingham family. December, Anne is dismissed by the Ingham family.
1840 May, Anne becomes governess to Robinson family.
1842 February, Charlotte and Emily enroll at Pensionnat Heger, Brussels.
1843 January, to Brussels to teach at Pensionnat Heger.
1845 June, Anne resigns as governess to Robinson family.
1846 May, Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell published.
1847 October 19, Jane Eyre published. December, Emily's Wuthering Heights and Anne's Agnes Grey published.
1848 June, Anne's The Tenant of Wildfell Hall published. September 24, Branwell, brother, dies of tuberculosis. December 19, Emily dies of tuberculosis.
1849 May 28, Anne dies of tuberculosis. October, Shirley published.
1853 January, Villette published.
1854 June 29, Charlotte marries Arthur Bell Nicholls.
1855 March 31, Charlotte dies of tuberculosis.
1857 March, Elizabeth Gaskell's Life of Charlotte Bronte published; June, The Professor published.
1861 June 7 Rev. Patrick Bronte, father, dies.Essential Readings:
Boumelha, Penny. Charlotte Bronte. Hemel Hempstead: Harvester Wheatsheaf. 152p bibl index. 1990.
Gerin, Winifred. Charlotte Bronte: The Evolution of Genius. Oxford: Clarendon P. xvi+617p bibl. 1968.
Hoeveler, Diane Long & Jadwin, Lisa. Charlotte Brontë. New York: Twayne; London: Prentice Hall. xii, 189p. 1997.
Meyer, Susan L. "Colonialism and the Figurative Strategy of Jane Eyre." Victorian Studies [Refereed]. (33/2) 247-268. 1990.
Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty. "Three Women's Texts and a Critique of Imperialism." Critical Inquiry. (12) 243-261. 1985.
Recommended editions:
The Clarendon editions, the Norton Critical editions, and the Penguin editions.
Bronte, Charlotte. An Edition of the Early Writings of Charlotte Bronte. Alexander, Christine, ed. Oxford:Shakespeare Head Press by Basil Blackwell. Vol.1, The Glass Town Saga 1826-1832. xxiv+383p. 1986. vol. 2, The rise of Angria 1833-1835: part 1, 1833-1834; part 2, 1834-1835. 1992.Bronte, Charlotte & Bronte, Emily. The Belgian Essays: A Critical Edition. Lenoff, Sue, ed & trans. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1997. 560p.
For other editions, search the database using keywords <Bronte, Anne - Editions>.
See also Victorian Fiction: A Guide to Research, 219-222 and Victorian Fiction: A Second Guide
to Research, 174-178.Recommended biographies:
Barker, Juliet. The Brontes. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. 1994.
Gaskell, Elizabeth. The Life of Charlotte Bronte. Easson, Angus, ed. Oxford & New York: Oxford UP. xxxvi+587p. 1996.
Gordon, Lyndall. Charlotte Bronte: A Passionate Life. London: Chatto & Windus. xi+403p. 1994.
Recommended editions of letters:
Barker, Juliet. The Brontes: A Life in Letters. New York: Viking Bks. 415p. 1997.
Bronte, Charlotte. The Letters of Charlotte Bronte: With a Selection of Letters by Family and Friends. Smith, Margaret, ed. Volume I: 1829-1847. xviii+627p index illus. 1995. Vol. II: 1848-1851. 782p index. 2000. Vol. III: 1852-1855. Oxford: Oxford UP. 396p index. 2004. Oxford: Oxford UP.
Manuscripts
The Bronte manuscripts are held at the Bronte Museum, Haworth; See, in particular, The Bronte Manuscripts: Literary Manuscripts and Correspondence of the Bronte Family from the Bronte Society Collection at Haworth Parsonage and the British Library (1992); other locations are the Brotherton Library, Leeds University; and the British Library.
**** For a complete listing of recommended and annotated Essential Readings, Editions, Biographies, Letters, and Manuscripts, search the database (keywords search) using the keywords <Bronte, Charlotte / List>. To make your search more specific, you may use keywords such as <Bronte, Charlotte - Manuscripts / List or Bronte, Charlotte - Biographies / List> ****
Charlotte Brontë on the Web
Professor Mitsuharu Matsuoka's
The Bronte Sisters Web
Nagoya University, JapanCecelia Falk's
The Bronte Sisters SitePeter Friesen's
Bronte Texts, Sources, and CriticismEagle Intermedia's
Bronte CountryThe Bronte Parsonage Museum and Bronte Society
The Bronte Beach Heritage Society
Charlotte Bronte Page
Victorian Web
National University of Singapore
Chronology
Click on the underlined novel for E-text from Project Gutenberg
1818 July 30, Emily born.
1820 January 17 Anne born. April 20 Patrick, father, becomes Reverend of Haworth.
1821 September 15 Maria Bronte, mother, dies of tuberculosis.
1825 May 6 Maria, sister, dies of tuberculosis. June 15 Elizabeth, another sister, dies of tuberculosis.
1835 July, Charlotte becomes teacher at Roe Head School.
1837 September, becomes teacher at Law Hill School.
1839 Anne employed as governess to Ingham family. December, Anne is dismissed by the Ingham family.
1840 May, Anne becomes governess to Robinson family.
1842 February, Charlotte and Emily enroll at Pensionnat Heger, Brussels.
1845 June, Anne resigns as governess to Robinson family.
1846 May, Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell published.
1847 October 19, Charlotte's Jane Eyre published. December, Wuthering Heights and Anne's Agnes Grey published.
1848 June, Anne's The Tenant of Wildfell Hall published. September 24, Branwell, brother, dies of tuberculosis. December 19, Emily dies of tuberculosis.
1849 May 28, Anne dies of tuberculosis.
1855 March 31, Charlotte dies of tuberculosis.
1861 June 7 Rev. Patrick Bronte, father, dies.Essential Readings:
Chitham, Edward. The Birth of Wuthering Heights: Emily Bronte at Work. London: Macmillan; New York: St. Martin's P. viii+218p bibl index. 1998.
Davies, Stevie. Emily Bronte: Heretic. London: The Women's P. xiii+274p. 1994.
Pykett, Lyn. Emily Bronte. Savage, MD: Barnes & Noble. vii+147p. 1989.
Vine, Steve. Emily Bronte. New York: Twayne. vii+178p. 1998
Recommended editions:
The Clarendon editions, the Norton Critical editions, and the Penguin editions.
Bronte, Charlotte & Bronte, Emily. The Belgian Essays: A Critical Edition. Lenoff, Sue, ed & trans. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1997. 560p.
For other editions, search the database using keywords <Bronte, Anne - Editions>.
See also Victorian Fiction: A Guide to Research, 219-222 and Victorian Fiction: A Second Guide to Research, 174-178.Recommended biographies:
Barker, Juliet. The Brontes. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. 1994.
Chitham, Edward. A Life of Emily Bronte. Oxford & New York: Basil Blackwell. viii+284p bibl index illus map. 1993.
Recommended editions of letters:
Barker, Juliet. The Brontes: A Life in Letters. New York: Viking Bks. 415p. 1997
Spark, Muriel, ed. The Bronte Letters. London: Nevill; Norman: U of Oklahoma P. 208p. 1954.
Manuscripts
The Bronte manuscripts are held at the Bronte Museum, Haworth; See, in particular, The Bronte Manuscripts: Literary Manuscripts and Correspondence of the Bronte Family from the Bronte Society Collection at Haworth Parsonage and the British Library (1992); other locations are the Brotherton Library, Leeds University; and the British Library.
**** For a complete listing of recommended and annotated Essential Readings, Editions, Biographies, Letters, and Manuscripts, search the database (keywords search) using the keywords <Bronte, Emily / List>. To make your search more specific, you may use keywords such as <Bronte, Emily - Manuscripts / List or Bronte, Emily - Biographies / List> ****
Emily Brontë on the Web
Professor Mitsuharu Matsuoka's
The Bronte Sisters Web
Nagoya University, JapanCecelia Falk's
The Bronte Sisters SiteMichael E. Grost's
Brief Informatin Page on Emily Jane BronteEagle Intermedia's
Bronte CountryThe Bronte Parsonage Museum and Bronte Society
The Bronte Beach Heritage Society
Emily Bronte Page
Victorian Web
National University of Singapore
Chronology
Click on the underlined novel for E-text from Project Gutenberg
1803 May 25, Edward George Earle Bulwer-Lytton born.
1822 Fellow-Commoner of Trinity Hall, Cambridge.
1827 August 30, Marries Rosina Doyle Wheeler. Falkland published.
1828 Pelham and The Disowned published.
1829 Devereux published.
1830 Paul Clifford published.
1831 Becomes editor of New Monthly Magazine. Elected Member of Parliament for St Ives and Lincoln.
1832 Eugene Aram published.
1833 Godolphin published. To Italy.
1834 The Last Days of Pompeii and Letter to a Late Cabinet Minister published. Meets William C. Macready.
1835 Rienzi published.
1836 Separation from Rosina.
1837 Play The Duchesse de Ia Valliere and Ernest Maltravers published.
1838 The Lady of Lyons published. Created a baronet.
1840 Money published.
1841 Night and Morning published. Resigns from the House of Commons.
1842 Zanoni published.
1843 The Last of the Barons published.
1846 Lucretia published.
1848 Harold and King Arthur published. Daughter Emily dies.
1849 The Caxtons published.
1851 Joins Conservative Party.
1852 Returns to Parliament as a Conservative member from Hertford.
1858 What Will He Do With It? published. Becomes Secretary of State for the Colonies.
1861 A Strange Story published.
1866 Awarded peerage of Knebworth and becomes Lord Lytton.
1871 The Coming Race published.
1873 Kenelm Chillingly published. 18 January, dies at Torquay.
Essential Reading:
Mitchell, Leslie. Bulwer-Lytton: The Rise and Fall of a Victorian Man of Letters. London: Hambledon. xxi+292p. 2003.
Recommended editions:
Bulwer-Lytton, Edward. Falkland. Van Thal, Herbert, ed; Honan, Park, intro. London: Cassell. xviii+123p. 1967.
Bulwer-Lytton, Edward. Pelham: Or, the Adventures of a Gentleman. McGann, Jerome J., ed. Lincoln: U of Nebraska P. 447p. 1972.Bulwer-Lytton, Edward. The last days of Pompeii. Johnson, Edgar, intro; Craemer, Kurt, illus. London : Sidgwick and Jackson. xxi+513p. 1979.
Bulwer-Lytton, Edward. The Coming Race. Seed, David, ed & intro. Wesleyan UP. 218p bibl. 2005.
See also: James, Elizabeth. "The Publication of Collected Editions of Bulwer Lytton's Novels." Publishing History. (No.3) 46-60. 1978.For Routledge editions published from 1834 to 1911, search the database using keywords <Bulwer-Lytton, Edward - Editions>.
Recommended biography:
Flower, Sibylla Jane. Bulwer-Lytton: An Illustrated Life of the First Baron Lytton 1803-1873. Aylesbury: Shire. 48p bibl illus. 1973.
Recommended editions of letters:
Usrey, Malcolm Orthell. The Letters of Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton to the Editors of Blackwood's Magazine 1840-1873, in the National Library of Scotland [with] Volume II. Dissertation Abstracts International. (24 / Pt.4) 5392. Texas Technological College, (63). 1964.
**** For a complete listing of recommended and annotated Essential Readings, Editions, Biographies, Letters, and Manuscripts, search the database (keywords search) using the keywords <Bulwer-Lytton, Edward / List>. To make your search more specific, you may use keywords such as <Bulwer-Lytton, Edward - Manuscripts / List or Bulwer-Lytton, Edward - Biographies / List> ****
Manuscripts
The Bulwer-Lytton manuscripts of letters and works are held at the National Library of Scotland; Hertford County Records Office and Knebworth House, Hertfodshire, England; Pierpont Morgan Library, New York; and Lilly Library, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA.
Edward Bulwer Lytton on the Web
Scott Rice's
The Bulwer-Lytton Fiction ContestEdward Bulwer Lytton Page
Victorian Web
National University of Singapore
Chronology
Click on the underlined novel for E-text from Project Gutenberg
1835 Born in Nottinghamshire, England. Son and grandson of eminent clergymen.
1854 To St John's College, Cambridge.
1858 Awarded First Class First in Classics. Settles temporarily in London.
1859 Refused to be ordained. To New Zealand; established a sheep-farm.
1863 A First Year in Canterbury Settlement
1864 Returns to England. Settles in Clifford's Inn near Fleet Street, London.
1867 Meets Eliza Savage.
1868 Exhibits paintings at the Royal Academy.
1872 Erewhon published.
1873 Mother Fanny Worsley dies.
1879 Evolution Old and New published.
1880 Unconscious Memory published.
1885 Eliza Savage dies.
1886 Father Thomas Butler dies. Applies unsuccessfully for professorship at Cambridge.
1887 Luck or Cunning as the Main Means of Organic Modification? published.
1888 Writes Handelian Narcissus: A Dramatic Cantata in collaboration with Henry Festings Jones.
1899 Shakespeare's Sonnets Reconsidered published.
1901 Erewhon Revisited published.
1902 Dies at Clifford Inn, London.
1903 The Way of All Flesh published.
1912 Notebook published.
Essential Reading:
Furbank, P.N. Samuel Butler, 1835-1902. Hamden, CT: Archon Books. 2nd ed. 124p. 1971.
Holt, Lee. Samuel Butler. Boston: Twayne Publishers. 154p. 1989
Recommended editions:
Editions published by A.C. Fifield, London and Penguin.
Recommended biographies:
Raby, Peter. Samuel Butler - A Biography. London: Hogarth Press. xi+334p. 1991.
Norrman, Ralf. Samuel Butler and the Meaning of Chiasmus. London: Macmillan & New York: St. Martin's P. ix+315p bibl index illus. 1986.
Recommended editions of letters:
Butler, Samuel. Silver, Arnold, ed. The Family Letters of Samuel Butler, 1841-1886. Stanford, CA: Stanford UP; London: Cape P. 295p illus. 1962.
Howard, Daniel F, ed. The Correspondence of Samuel Butler With His Sister May. Berkeley: U of Califonia P; Cambridge: Cambridge UP. xx+265p. 1962.
Manuscripts
Manuscripts of Samuel Butler's works are available at the Samuel Butler Collection, St John's College Library, Cambridge University, England; the Chapin Library Williamstown, Massachusetts, contains one of the world's most important Samuel Butler collections, including books, manuscripts, critical works, and memorabilia.
**** For a complete listing of recommended and annotated Essential Readings, Editions, Biographies, Letters, and Manuscripts, search the database (keywords search) using the keywords <Butler, Samuel / List>. To make your search more specific, you may use keywords such as <Butler, Samuel - Manuscripts / List or Butler, Samuel - Biographies / List> ****
Samuel Butler on the Web
The Colleges of Unreason
The Thinking Man's MinefieldSamuel Butler Page
Cantebury WritersSamuel Butler's
Letters between Samuel Butler and Miss Savage (Intro)
Letters between Samuel Butler and Miss Savage (e-text)
Literary Heritage
Chronology
Click on the underlined novel for E-text from Project Gutenberg
1854 Mona Alison born in Ryde on the Isle of Wight, England.
1875 Lady Hetty published.
1877 Marries James Alexander Henryson-Caird.
1878 Joins the National Society for Women's Suffrage.
1883 Whom Nature Leadeth published.
1887 One That Wins published.
1888 Marriage published.
1889 The Wing Of Azrael published.
1890 The Emancipation of the Family published.
1891 A Romance Of The Moors published.
1892 The Yellow Drawing-Room and A Defence of the So-Called
Wild Women published.
1894 The Daughters
Of Danaus published.
1895 The Sanctuary Of Mercy and A Sentimental View Of Vivisection
published.
1897 Beyond the Pale: An Appeal on Behalf of the Victims of Vivisection
and The Morality of Marriage and Other Essays on the Status and Destiny
of Women published.
1898 The Pathway Of The Gods published.
1900 The Ethics of Vivisection published.
1902 The Logicians: An Episode in Dialogue published.
1904 Joins Theosophical Society.
1906 Romantic Cities Of Provence published.
1908 Militant Tactics and Woman's Suffrage published.
1915 The Stones Of Sacrifice published.
1931 The Great Wave published.
1932 February 4, dies at Hampstead, London.
Essential Readings
Heilmann, Ann. New Woman Strategies: Sarah Grand, Olive Schreiner,
Mona Caird. Manchester: Manchester UP. 292p bibl index. 2004.
Richardson, Angelique, & Willis, Chris, ed. The New Woman in Fiction
and in Fact: Fin de Siecle Feminisms. London & New York:
Palgrave. 224p. 2000.
Recommended editions:
Full texts of some of Mona Caird's works at Victorian Women Writers Project: an Electronic Collection http://www.indiana.edu/ and University of Minnesota Library Digital Text collections. Check addresses with individual texts in the database.
Manuscripts
The National Library of Scotland has an extensive collection of Mona Caird's papers and original works.
**** For a complete listing of recommended and annotated Essential Readings, Editions, Biographies, Letters, and Manuscripts, search the database (keywords search) using the keywords <Caird, Mona / List>. To make your search more specific, you may use keywords such as <Caird, Mona - Manuscripts / List or Caird, Mona - Biographies / List> ****
Mona Caird on the Web
Breaking out of the Cage by Tracey S. Rosenberg
Women Who Did by Angelique Richardson
Chronology
Click on the underlined novel for E-text from Project Gutenberg
1832 January 27, Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, the future Lewis Carroll, born at Cheshire.
1843 Father, Charles Dodgson, becomes rector at Croft.
1844 Attends Richmond School, Yorkshire. During this time Dodgson wrote a series of magazines to entertain his family.
1846 Attends Rugby School.
1850 To Christ Church, Oxford.
1854 Graduates, Bachelor of Arts, 1st Class Honours in Mathematics, 2nd Class Honours in Classics.
1855 Becomes lecturer in Mathematics at Christ Church, Oxford.
1856 Meets the Liddell family. Meets Edmund Yates, the editor of the Comic Times. Yates calls Dodgson "Lewis Carroll" for the first time. Takes up photography and uses Alice Liddell as subject.
1857 Awarded Master of Arts degree.
1861 Ordained as deacon.
1865 July, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland published.
1867 Begins Through the Looking Glass. Travels to Europe.
1868 Father dies.
1871 Through the Looking-Glass published.
1876 The Hunting of the Snark published.
1881 Resigns Lectureship.
1882 Elected Curator of the Common Room at Christ Church.
1889 Sylvie and Bruno published.
1896 Symbolic Logic published.
1898 January 14, dies at Guildford, Surrey.
Essential Reading:
Kelly, Richard Michael. Lewis Carroll. Boston: Twayne Pub. 163p bibl index. Revised edition. 1990.
Lovett, Charles C. Alice on Stage: A History of the Early Theatrical Productions of Alice in Wonderland, Together With a Checklist of Dramatic Adaptations of Charles Dodgson's Works. New York: Meckler. 239p index. 1989.
Recommended editions:
Norton Critical editions, Broadview editions, Garland and Bodley Head editions of Carrol's works.
Recommended biographies:
Cohen, Morton. Lewis Carroll: A Biography. London: Macmillan; New York: Knopf. xi+577p index. 1995.
Thomas, Donald. Lewis Carroll: A Portrait With Background. London: John Murray. xii+404p. 1996.
Recommended editions of letters:
Cohen, Morton N., & Wakeling, Edward, ed . Lewis Carroll and His Illustrators: Collaborations and Correspondence, 1865-1898. Ithaca, NY: Cornell UP. xxxvi+349p index illus. 2003.
Collingwood, Stuart Dodgson. The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll (Rev. C.L. Dodgson). London: T. Fisher Unwin. xx+448p illus. 1898.
Manuscripts
Lewis Carroll's manuscripts are available at the British Library, London; The Ransom Center's collection at the University of Texas at Austin; and the Brabant Lewis Carroll Manuscript Collection at the University of Toronto Library.
**** For a complete listing of recommended and annotated Essential Readings, Editions, Biographies, Letters, and Manuscripts, search the database (keywords search) using the keywords <Carroll, Lewis / List>. To make your search more specific, you may use keywords such as <Carroll, Lewis - Manuscripts / List or Carroll, Lewis - Biographies / List> ****
Lewis Carroll on the Web
Lewis Carroll Society of North America
Looking for Lewis Carroll?
Lewis Carroll PagesLewis Carroll Page
Victorian Web
National University of SingaporeLewis Carroll Page
Courtesy of Lewis Carroll Home Page (LCSNA)Ruthann Logsdon Zaroff's
Alice in Wonderland - An Interactive Adventure
Chronology
Click on the underlined novel for E-text from Project Gutenberg
1874 May 29, Gilbert Keith Chesterton born on May 29th, 1874 on Campden Hill, Kensington, London.
1900 Greybeards at Play (poetry) and The Wild Knight and Other Poems published.
1901 June 18, marries Frances Blogg. The Defendant published.
1902 Given weekly column in London's Daily News. Thomas Carlyle published with J. E. H. Williams and Twelve Types.
1903 Charles Dickens, Robert Browning, Tennyson, Thackeray with L. Melville, Leo Tolstoy (1903) with G. H. Perris and Edward Garnett published.
1904 The Napoleon of Notting Hill published.
1905 Starts weekly column to The Illustrated London News. The Club of Queer Trades and Heretics published.
1908 The Man Who Was Thursday, Orthodoxy, and All Things Considered published.
1909 George Bernard Shaw and The Ball and the Cross published.
1910 What's Wrong with the World published.
1911 Appreciations and Criticisms of the Works of Charles Dickens, The Ballad Of The White Horse (poetry), Wit and Wisdom of G. K. Chesterton, and The Innocence Of Father Brown published.
1912 Manalive published.
1913 Magic (play) and The Victorian Age in Literature published.
1914 The Flying Inn, The Wisdom Of Father Brown, Trial of John Jasper, Lay Precentor of Cloisterham Cathedral in the County of Kent, for the Murder of Edwin Drood, and The Barbarism of Berlin published.
1916 Brother Cecil enlists in war. Takes over brother's weekly paper, The New Witness.
1922 Eugenics and Other Evils published. July 30, converts from the Anglican Church to the Roman Catholic Church.
1936 Autobiography published. June 14, dies in Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire, England.Essential Reading:
Coates, John D. G.K. Chesterton as Controversialist, Essayist, Novelist, and Critic. Lewiston, NY: E. Mellen. 200p bibl index. 2002.
Recommended editions:
Penguin editions of Chesterton's novels.
Recommended biographies:
Barker, Dudley. G.K. Chesterton: A Biography. London: Constable. 304p bibl index illus. 1973.
Coren, Michael. Gilbert: The Man Who Was G.K. Chesterton. London: Jonathan Cape/ New York: Paragon P. x+304p bibl index illus. 1990.
Pearce, Joseph. Wisdom and Innocence: A Life of G.K. Chesterton. San Francisco: Ignatius P. xiv+522p. 1996.Recommended editions of letters:
Chesterton, Gilbert Keith. Chesterton 1874-1974: Letters, Drawings, Manuscripts, First Editions: A Centenary Exhibition. Chatham, England: W&J Mackay, 1974.
Manuscripts
The largest collection of Chesterton manuscripts are held at the British Library; University of Notre Dame Archives Notre Dame, Indiana holds Bound typewritten manuscript; and Berg Collection of MSS Chesterton Guide to the Gilbert Keith Chesterton collection of papers at the The New York Public Library, New York.
**** For a complete listing of recommended and annotated Essential Readings, Editions, Biographies, Letters, and Manuscripts, search the database (keywords search) using the keywords <Chesterton, Gilbert Keith / List>. To make your search more specific, you may use keywords such as <Chesterton, Gilbert Keith - Manuscripts / List or Chesterton, Gilbert Keith - Biographies / List> ****
G. K. Chesterton on the Web
The American Chesterton Society
Chesterton House
Cornell UniversityChesterton Review
Chesterton Institute of Faith and Culture
Seton Hall University
Chronology
Click on the underlined novel for E-text from Project Gutenberg
1824 January 8, Wilkie Collins born at St. Marylebone, London.
1835 To school at Maida Hill Academy.
1838 Attends Mr Cole’s private boarding school in Highbury.
1841 Apprenticed to Antrobus & Co., tea merchants.
1843 August, The Last Stage Coachman published in the Illuminated Magazine.
1844 Travels to Paris with Charles Ward.
1846 Enters Lincoln's Inn as a law student.
1847 February, father, William Collins, dies.
1848 November, The Memoirs of the Life of William Collins, Esq., R. A. published.
1849 Exhibit of painting, The Smugglers’ Retreat, at the Royal Academy Summer Exhibition.
1850 Antonina; or the Fall of Rome published.
1851 January, Rambles Beyond Railways published. March, meets Charles Dickens. May, acts with him in Edward Bulwer-Lytton’s Not So Bad As We Seem.
1852 January, Mr. Wray's Cash Box; or, The Mask and the Mystery published. April, A Terribly Strange Bed published in Household Words. May, tours with Dickens’s company of amateur actors. November, Basil published.
1853 Tours Switzerland and Italy with Dickens and Augustus Egg.
1854 Hide and Seek published.
1855 June, play, The Lighthouse, performed by Dickens’s theatrical company at Tavistock House.
1856 After Dark published. November, becomes editor of Household Words. December, The Wreck of the Golden Mary, published in collaboration with Dickens.
1857 The Dead Secret, published. January, The Frozen Deep performed by Dickens’s theatrical company at Tavistock House. August, The Lighthouse performed at the Olympic Theatre.
1858 October, The Red Vial performed at the Olympic Theatre. In collaboration with Dickens, publishes A House To Let for the Christmas number of Household Words.
1859 Lives with Caroline Graves and her daughter Harriet.
1860 November, serialization of The Woman in White in All the Year Round.
1862 No Name published.
1863 My Miscellanies published. Resigns as editor of All the Year Round.
1866 Armadale published.
1867 December, in collaboration with Dickens, No Thoroughfare, published in All the Year Round.
1868 The Moonstone published. Mother, Harriet Collins, dies. Caroline Graves marries Joseph Charles Clow, while Collins starts living with Martha Rudd. Three children born from this union.
1869 March, Black and White produced at Adelphi Theatre.
1870 Man and Wife published. Caroline Graves comes back. Collins maintains two families.
1872 Poor Miss Finch published.
1874 The Frozen Deep and Other Tales published.
1875 The Law and the Lady published.
1876 The Two Destinies published.
1877 September, The Moonstone performed at the Olympic Theatre.
1879 The Haunted Hotel, a Mystery of Modern Venice published.
1880 Jezebel's Daughter published.
1881 The Black Robe published.
1883 Heart and Science published.
1884 I Say No published.
1886 The Evil Genius and The Guilty River published.
1887 Little Novels published.
1889 The Legacy of Cain published. September 23, Wilkie Collins dies at 82 Wimpole Street.
1890 Blind Love, completed by Walter Besant, published. The Lazy Tour of Two Idle Apprentices and Other Stories, written in collaboration with Dickens, published.
Essential Reading:
Gasson, Andrew. Wilkie Collins: An Illustrated Guide. Peters, Catherine, ed. Oxford: Oxford UP. xvii+189p. 1997.
Bachman, Maria K. and Don Richard Cox, eds. Reality's Dark Light: The Sensational Wilkie Collins. Knoxville, TN: U of Tennessee P. xxviii, 386 p. bibl index. 2003.
Recommended editions:
AMS edition of The Works of Wilkie Collins (30 Volumes), 1970. Penguin, Oxford University Press, and Broadview Press editions of Collins's works.
Recommended biographies:
Clarke, William M. The Secret Life of Wilkie Collins. London: Allison & Busby. xiii+239p illus. 1988. Revised 1996.
Peters, Catherine. The King of Inventors: A Life of Wilkie Collins. Princeton: Princeton UP. xii+502p. bibl index. 1993.
Recommended editions of letters:
Collins, Wilkie. The Letters of Wilkie Collins. Baker, William & Clarke, William M., ed. Vol. I: 1838-1865; Vol. II: 1866-1889. New York: St. Martin's P. xli+xiii+616p. 1999.
Collins, Wilkie. The Public Face of Wilkie Collins: The Collected Letters. Baker, William, et al, eds. London: Pickering & Chatto. 4 vols index. 2005.
Manuscripts
Manuscripts of Wilkie Collins's works can be found at the British Library; the Pierpont Morgan Library, New York; Harvard College Library; the Berg Collection at the New York Public Library; Princeton University Library; University of California, Los Angeles; and Huntington Library, California.
See also "Manuscripts of Wilkie Collins," Princeton University Library Chronicle. (17) 85. 1957.
**** For a complete listing of recommended and annotated Essential Readings, Editions, Biographies, Letters, and Manuscripts, search the database (keywords search) using the keywords <Collins, Wilkie / List>. To make your search more specific, you may use keywords such as <Collins, Wilkie - Manuscripts / List or Collins, Wilkie - Biographies / List> ****
Wilkie Collins on the Web
Philip V. Allingham's
The Moonstone and British India
VictorianWeb
National University of SingaporeDavid R. Grigg's
Wilkie Collins Appreciation PagePaul Lewis's
The Wilkie Collins PageWilkie Collins Society
Paul LewisAndrew Gasson's
Wilkie Collins Information Page
Chronology
Click on the underlined novel for E-text from Project Gutenberg
1857 December 3, Jozef Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski born.
1862 May 8, father Apollo Korzeniowski exiled to Russia, accompanied by wife and son.
1865 June 6, Conrad's mother, Evelina (Ewa) Bobrowska, dies. Conrad in care of maternal uncle, Tadeusz Bobrowski.
1869 February, Apollo Korzeniowski and Conrad return to Cracow. May 23, Apollo dies.
1874 October 14, leaves Cracow for Marseilles. Becomes apprentice seaman.
1876 July to February 1877 to West Indies on schooner.
1878 March, attempts suicide. April, joins a British ship, Mavis. June 18 to Lowestoft, England.
1883 July 4, passes mate's examination. Mate on the Riversdale.
1884 Sails from Bombay to Dunkirk as second mate on the Narcissus.
1886 Becomes naturalized British subject; and receives British Merchant Navy Master's certificate.
1887 Appointed first mate on Highland Forest. Involved in accident in Singapore. Sails from Singapore to Borneo on the Vidar as a second mate.
1888 Conrad's first command on the Otago. Sails to Bangkok, Sydney, and Mauritius.
1889 Resigns as captain of Otago, returns to London. Begins Writing Almayer's Folly.
1890 Leaves for the Congo as captain of Roi de Belges.
1892 Meets John Galsworthy.
1894 January 14, ends career as seaman. January 29, Uncle Bobrowski dies.
October, Fisher Unwin accepts Almayer's Folly; meets Edward Garnett and Jessie George.
1895 Almayer's Folly published.
1896 Match 24, marries Jessie George. Outcast of the Islands published. Meets H. G. Wells. Begins writing The Rescue.
1897 Completes The Nigger of the "Narcissus"; friendship with R. B. Cunninghame Graham.
1898 Tales of Unrest published. Collaborates with Ford Madox Ford; meets Stephen Crane.
1899 February, completes Heart of Darkness. Serialization of Lord Jim in Maga.
1900 Lord Jim published.
1901 Publishes The Inheritors in collaboration with Ford.
1902 ‘Youth' and Other Stories published.
1903 ‘Typhoon' and Other Stories published. Romance published in collaboration with Ford.
1904 Jessie Conrad injured and disabled. Nostromo published.
1906 Conrad meets Arthur Marwood. Mirror of the Sea published.
1907 The Secret Agent published.
1908 A Set of Six published.
1909 Quarrel with Ford.
1910 Seriously ill.
1911 Under Western Eyes published.
1912 A Personal Record and ’Twixt Land and Sea published.
1913 Chance published.
1915 Victory published.
1917 The Shadow-Line published.
1919 The Arrow of Gold published.
1920 The Rescue published.
1921 Visits Corsica. Notes on Life and Letters published.
1923 Visits New York.
1924 May, declines knighthood. Health deteriorates, bedridden.
August 3, dies of heart attack . Buried in Canterbury.
1925 Tales of Hearsay and Suspense published.
1928 The Sisters (fragment) published.
1936 December 6, Jessie Conrad dies.
Essential Reading:
Peters, John G. The Cambridge Introduction to Joseph Conrad. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 156p. 2006.
Watt, Ian. Essays on Conrad. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. xi+214p index. 2000.
Recommended editions:
Norton editions, Oxford University Press editions, and Penguin editions of Conrad's novels and short stories.
Recommended biographies:
Karl, Frederick R. Joseph Conrad: The Three Lives. New York: Farrar/ London: Faber & Faber. xvi+1150p index illus. 1978.
Watts, Cedric. Joseph Conrad: A Literary Life. London: Macmillan/ New York: St. Martin's P. x+156p bibl index. 1989.
Recommended editions of letters:
Conrad, Joseph. The Collected Letters of Joseph Conrad. Cambridge & New York: Cambridge UP. 7 vols. 1983-2007.
Manuscripts
Manuscripts of Conrad's novels and short stories are held at the British Library, London; Columbia University Library; Beinecke Library at Yale University Libraries: Berg Collection of Manuscripts and Archives Division, New York Public Library; Harvard University Library; The University of South Carolina Library; Alderman Library, University of Virginia; The Ransom Center's collection of George Eliot materials University of Texas at Austin.
See also Gene M. Moore's A Descriptive Location Register of Joseph Conrad's Literary Manuscripts at The Joseph Conrad Society page.
**** For a complete listing of recommended and annotated Essential Readings, Editions, Biographies, Letters, and Manuscripts, search the database (keywords search) using the keywords <Conrad, Joseph / List>. To make your search more specific, you may use keywords such as <Conrad, Joseph - Manuscripts / List or Conrad, Joseph - Biographies / List> ****
Joseph Conrad on the Web
Philip V. Allingham's
Comparing Imagery in Conrad and HardyJoseph Conrad Page
Literary HistoryJoseph Conrad Page
The Literature Network
Chronology
Click on the underlined novel for E-text from Project Gutenberg
1855 May, born in London. Probably the illegitimate daughter of Dr. Charles
Mackay and his mistress, Mrs. Mary Elizabeth Mills.
1878 Lives together with Bertha Vyver.
1886 A Romance of Two Worlds published. Immediately became the best selling author in England.
1887 Thelma published.
1889 Ardath published.
1890 Wormwood published.
1893 Barabbas published.
1895 The Sorrows of Satan published.
1896 Murder of Delicia published.
1897 Ziska published.
1898 Arthur H. Lawrence interviews Marie Corelli for The Strand.
1899 Moved to Stratford-on-Avon.
1900 The Master Christian and Boy: A Sketch published.
1902 Temporal Power and Christmas Greeting published.
1905 Free Opinions Freely Expressed on Certain Phases of Modern Social Life & Conduct published.
1906 Mighty Atom and The Treasure of Heaven - A Romance of Riches published.
1908 Holy Orders: The Tragedy of a Quiet Life published.
1911 The Life Everlasting published.
1918 Young Diana: An Experiment of the Future published.
1921 The Secret Power published.
1924 April 21, dies, buried at the Stratford cemetery.
1925 Open Confession to a Man from a Woman published.Essential Reading:
Federico, Annette R. Idol of Suburbia: Marie Corelli and Late-Victorian Literary Culture. Charlottesville: UP of Virginia. xii+201p. 2000.
Ransom, Teresa. The Mysterious Miss Marie Corelli: Queen of Victorian Bestsellers. Stroud: Sutton. 247p. 1999.